Demography
👪 Demography
How many of us there are, how many are born and die, how much the population grows and why, how it is ageing and how it is spread across the country. All figures are official INE data and are given per inhabitant or as percentages so that years and territories can be compared.
Trend · million
Trend · per 1,000 inhab.
Trend
Trend · percent
Where population growth comes from
The population changes in two ways: the difference between births and deaths (natural change) and the difference between people who come to live in Spain and those who leave (net migration).
Growth = population on 1 January of the following year minus that of the current year, according to the Continuous Population Statistics. "Migración y ajustes" (migration and adjustments) is the part of growth not explained by births and deaths ("Nacimientos menos defunciones"). It matches almost exactly the net migration with other countries measured by the Migration Statistics since 2021: in 2024, 12.8 versus 12.8 per 1,000 inhabitants (see Immigration).
In 2024 the population grew by 10.4 people per 1,000 inhabitants (508,602 in total). More people died than were born (-2.4 per 1,000), as has happened every year since 2017, so all of the growth comes from migration.
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Population trends
Population since 1971, annual growth per 1,000 inhabitants and how much births, deaths and migration contribute in each region.
Births and fertility
Births and deaths per 1,000 inhabitants, children per woman, mothers' age and births to foreign mothers, by region and province.
Age and ageing
Population pyramids for Spain, each region and each province; people over 65 and over 80, dependency and median age.
Territorial distribution
Which provinces gain and lose population, the weight of each region and the percentage of foreign-born residents in each province.
Men and women
Men per 100 women by age, over time and in each province.
Households
Average household size and one-person households, by region and province.
Sources and notes
- INE – Continuous Population Statistics: population on 1 January by province, age and sex (table 56945), by place of birth (56948) and nationality (56947), and households (60131 to 60134).
- INE – Vital Statistics: births (table 6524) and deaths (6561) by province of residence.
- INE – Basic Demographic Indicators: birth and death rates, fertility, mean age at motherhood and births to foreign mothers.
- INE – Migration and Change of Residence Statistics: net migration with other countries since 2021 (see Immigration).
Data updated 7 minutes ago