Electricity Generation Mix

⚡ Electricity Generation Mix in Spain

Where the electricity generated in Spain comes from and how much CO₂ each kWh costs, year by year since 2007, the first year published by the Red Eléctrica data API. The figures are the national balance (the Peninsula, the Balearic Islands, the Canary Islands, Ceuta and Melilla) measured at power plant busbars, for full years only. Because total volume depends on the size of the country, technologies are shown as a percentage of generation and consumption per person.

Renewable electricity: Spain 55.9 EU 47.7OECD 35.9France 26.1Portugal 81Germany 59.1Italy 48.8Morocco 24US 25.6China 37 Denmark 91.2Norway 99 % of electricity generation · 2025 · Ember vía Our World in Data All countries →

Electricity consumption per capita: Spain 5,336.6 EU 6,061.5OECD 7,793.6France 6,536.4Portugal 5,460Germany 6,060.1Italy 5,177.8Morocco 1,034.9 (2024)US 13,063.6China 7,037.7 (2024) Norway 23,699 kWh per capita · 2025 · World Bank (WDI) All countries →

Share of each technology in generation

Renewables first exceeded half of generation in 2023, and their annual peak is 56.8 % (2024). In 2025, 74.5 % of electricity was free of direct emissions (renewables plus nuclear).

How much CO₂ each kWh emits

Grams of CO₂ equivalent emitted by power plants for each kWh generated in the system. Red Eléctrica attributes emissions to thermal plants (coal, combined cycle, cogeneration, engines, turbines and non-renewable waste); nuclear and renewables count as zero. The lowest value in the series is 103 g/kWh in 2024; since 2007 the factor has changed by -72 %.

The collapse of coal and the rise of solar

In 2020, solar PV overtook coal in annual generation for the first time. In 2025, solar produced 33 times as much electricity as coal.

Electricity consumption per person

National demand at power plant busbars divided by the average population for the year. In 2025 it was 5,192 kWh per person, 16 % less than in 2007 (6,146 kWh).

Share of each technology (latest full year)

Installed capacity by technology

Installed capacity reflects investment decisions. Solar PV has grown from 4,710 MW in 2015 to 35,823 MW in 2024, a 7.6-fold increase.

Sources

Red Eléctrica de España (REE), the electricity system operator, REData API:

• Annual generation by technology (generacion/estructura-generacion) and demand (demanda/evolucion), from 2007, the first year available in the API. Balance measured at power plant busbars, national system. Full years only.
• CO₂ equivalent emissions from non-renewable generation (generacion/no-renovables-detalle-emisiones-CO2); the g/kWh factor divides those emissions by total generation.
• Licence: re-use of public sector information / open data.

Average annual population: Eurostat demo_gind.

Installed capacity: Eurostat nrg_inf_epc (maximum net electrical capacity reported by Spain), used while the installed capacity service in the REE API is unavailable; the fuente column in the CSV shows the origin. In this dataset natural gas groups together combined cycle and cogeneration, and solar PV includes self-consumption.

The country's total emissions, per person and by sector, are on the Emissions and decarbonisation page.

Last data sync 7 minutes ago